MSCA Master Class: Young Researchers at Politecnico - 3rd episode

During the next few years, researchers at Politecnico di Milano will deal with “burning” issues such as global warming, energy transition, ethical application of decision algorithms and many other themes that will have a big impact on society and all our lives.

This is the case of 17 young researchers who have either recently or are soon to arrive at our University departments thanks to a “Marie Curie Individual Fellowship”: a European scholarship for young scientists dealing with crucial themes on an international level. Each young researcher will be looked after by a supervisor, that is a professor or researcher expert in the subject, who will help the MSCA grantee to develop the research project and enhance their training.

Let’s find out what they will be dealing with:

HOW TO SAVE ENERGY?

Using deep-learning techniques, Boon wants to develop new and more efficient models to describe and predict subsurface flow to understand how to safely store energy from renewable sources. Boon is one of the researchers who has signed up for the Politecnico di Milano MSCA Master Class, a course that supports the best post-docs from the entire world who wish to apply for a Marie Curie grant and who choose our University as their host institution: “The masterclass has taught me how to align my proposal with the main objectives of the MSCA Individual Fellowship and it has been a source of valuable advice.”

COOLER CITIES

Colaninno will deal with the phenomenon known as Urban Heat Island and will develop a decision-making support system for climate planning and design with the aim of making cities livable during the summer months. The system will be tested in three urban areas in Los Angeles, Amsterdam and Milan.

ULTRAFAST PARTICLES AND PROCESSES

Reduzzi will work as part of Professor Nisoli’s group (we talked about his ERC project, TOMATTO, in edition #9 of MAP). “HETRUSQ aims to explore and study charge transfer processes in organic matter using attosecond timescales as well as the interaction between molecules and water, their natural environment.” Find out more

OBTAINING A LASER USING VERY LITTLE ENERGY

Genco studies polaritons, particles that can be exploited to obtain coherent light sources (laser) with innovative and low threshold materials that require very little energy: “The potential for the world of telecommunications and computing, for example, is very promising both in terms of speed and environmental impact.” Find out more

CAN AN ALGORITHM BE “FAIR”?

“The way in which data is looked at gives different results. And not only in terms of scientific considerations but also on a moral level. Our ideas, our values dictate how we read data to extract a judgment about the fairness of the algorithm.” Find out more

RENEWABLE ENERGIES AND INTERMITTENCE ISSUES

Bajada aims to identify and create new materials able to convert energy from renewable sources into chemical energy to solve the intermittence issues associated with renewable energy. Find out more

SLEEP CRISIS

SCRAPS will study the phenomenon that doctors and psychologists throughout the world call the “sleep crisis.” De Cristofaro will analyze works of fiction, nonfiction and digital culture to investigate the impact of lead times on health and the relationship between individual health and neoliberal ideologies. Find out more

EXTRACTING PRECIOUS METALS FROM COMETS

Trisolini will work to develop an innovative and autonomous system to extract rare and precious materials which may be found inside asteroids and comets. “I chose Politecnico di Milano as my host institution for the technical experience and background of the research group and the long-standing international collaborations they have access to.” Find out more

PREVENTING THE RISKS OF SOIL EXPLOITATION

Thanks to numerical simulations it is possible to predict the effects of soil exploitation. The PDGeoFF project aims to develop a mathematical and numerical framework to prevent the risks linked to various human geological activities such as the production of geothermal energy and the collection and storage of CO₂.

CLIMATE CHANGE RESISTANT AGRICULTURE

Increasing temperatures, diminishing rainfall, flooding and drought are threatening agricultural productivity. Ricart creates models that describe the behavior of farmers and aims to understand how these models can make farming sustainable, flexible and adaptable to changes in climate.

NANO-ANTENNAS FOR SECOND HARMONIC GENERATION

Second harmonic generation is an optical process with promising applications in spectroscopy, ultrafast optical switching and optical processing of information. Feichtner is studying how to maximize generation by constructing electric contact nano-antennas with ultra-thin points and ultra-small clearances as well as developing numerical models to optimize the geometries of nano-particles.

BIOGAS AT THE CENTER OF ENERGY TRANSITION

Biogas is an important energy source that plays a central role in the energy revolution. The Biogas2Syngas project researches and develops technology and models to exploit this resource and deals with some of its main challenges, such as improving the life-cycle and performance of catalyzers.

LOOKING AT MOLECULES FROM VERY CLOSE UP

Ghosh is developing a new-generation spectroscopic technique which is highly sensitive to the three-dimensional structure of bio-molecules, to observe their movement in real time while their structure changes during a biological process. Among the various applications, in the field of structural chemistry, this technique will create tools which can be used in the fight against Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease and DNA photodamage.

OBTAINING HYDROCARBONS FROM METHANOL

Torstein Fjermestad, 41 anni

EMPaTHY: use of multiscale modElling to Minimize coke ProducTion during the methanol-to- HYdrocarbon process

2019-2021

Funding: € 171,473.28

DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY (DENG)

Supervisor: Matteo Maestri

Keywords: Multiscale modelling; Computational fluid dynamics; Molecular dynamics; Density functional theory calculations

Methanol can replace fossil fuels as a source of valid hydrocarbons, offering a pathway towards more sustainable fuels and chemical products. This process has been known since the 1970s but has only been employed on an industrial level during the last decade and it has yet to overcome a number of technical challenges which Fjermestad will deal with thanks to the EMPaTHY project.

AN ORGAN-ON-CHIP MODEL FOR OSTEOARTHRITIS

Occhetta will use organ-on-chip technology to create the model of a joint affected by osteoarthritis which will recreate the complexity of this disease. It will also be used to study the mechanisms that affect the joint and the response to medication.

AUTONOMOUS SPACE GUIDANCE

Gaias is developing a technological solution to remove large faulty satellites polluting strategic orbits around the Earth. The biggest challenge is the development of a space navigation and guidance control system which is autonomous, robust and advanced. Gaias will be collaborating with D-Orbit, a leader in the sector and founded by the Alumnus, Luca Rossettini.

GHOSTS IN THE OPERATING ROOM

Until today, training surgeons has presented a number of limitations. A potential solution is the use of artificial synthetic models, also known as “Phantoms”: reproductions of human parts and organs which allow surgeons to practice positioning anatomical structures and hand coordination. Forte aims to improve these supports with reliable tactile feedback and deformation models of real tissues.

From 2014 to now

Overall, 24 MSCA researchers have chosen Politecnico di Milano as their “host institution.” . They have received about 4 and a half million Euros in funding from the European Commission and their work has generated scientific papers, new lines of research and consolidated important international scientific collaborations. The researchers below have completed their MSCA projects, some have continued their research in our laboratories, among these is Edoardo Albisetti, from the department of Physics, who has recently won an ERC grant. Others have moved to other universities throughout the world, taking a piece of Politecnico di Milano DNA with them.

Tommaso Lotti, 38 anni

POLIS: Studying the bricks of microbial cities: characterization and structural properties of exopolysaccharides and their interaction with proteins and cations in anammox granular sludge

2015-2017

DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL AND ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING (DICA)

Supervisor: Francesca Malpei

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